SIMPLE FUTURE

Definition : 

Simple Future Tense used to express occurrence/activity to happened/to be  done in the future,do 10 minutes or 1 hour to come ,tomorrow ,the day after tomorrow ,next week,next month ,next year,and so on.If past tenses express occurrence/activity after now ( time past ) ,tenses future simple express occurrence /activity before now

( time future).

Positive Tenses

Pattern :

• S + will+ verb₁+ O+ modifier
• S + ( is,are.am ) + going + verb₁+ O+ modifier
• S + ( is,are,am ) + ( verb₁ + ing ) + O + modifier

Example :

• Farmers in Jati Bali will grow rice crops next month
• Some students are going to conduct research on vegetative plant propagations next semester.
• Transpiration will start to increase tomorrow morning.

Negative Tense

Pattern :

• S + will + not + verb₁+ O + modifier
• S +{ ( is,are,am ) going to }+ not +verb₁ + O + modifier
• S + ( is,are,am ) + ( verb₁ + ing ) + O + modifier

Example :

• Farmers in Jati Bali will not grow rice crops next month
• Transpiration will not start to increase tonight
• He will not be very happy when he finds out.

Question

Pattern :

·          

• Will + S + verb₁+ O + modifier
• Will + S + { ( is,are,am ) going to }+ O + modifier
• Will + S + ( is,are,am ) + ( verb₁ + ing ) + O + modifier

Example :

·          

o     

• Will farmers in Jati in Bali grow rice crops next month ?
• Will transpiration start to increase tomorrow morning  ?
• Will he be very happy when he finds out ?

To offer to do something.
Example= A: I don’t have a pen to write.
B: don’t worry. I will lend you.

To assert an agreement to do something.
Example= A: you must come to my party.
B: I promise I will come on party.

To ask someone to do something.
Example= A: it’s very hot in my room.
B: certainly.

To predict event that will be happened
Example= A: will I pass the test next month?
B: don’t worry, you will pass.

To assert an incident/event that will be sure happened.
Example= A: I’m seventeen years old now.
How old will I be next year?
B: you will be eighteen years old next years.
All people and animals in the world will die
 

• Future tense “shall”
  * To assert a deal or gift suggestion
  Example= Today, we are free.
  Where shall we go?
  Note: shall for subject “I, we”
  
   
• Future tense “be going to”
  * To assert an incident that will be happened and gone ever break a promise to do it.
  Example= A: Did you send my letter for her?
  B: oh, I’m sorry I forgot.
  I’m going to send it tonight.
  
  * To assert an incident/event that cause there are incident/event that mention that what will be next happened.
  Example= A: The sky is very dark.
  What do you think?
  B: I think it’s going to rain
  
  A. Time signal
  1.Tomorrow…
• - Morning
• - Afternoon
• - Evening
• - Night
• - Time
• - Week
• - Month
• - Year
• - January

3. Tonight
4. The day after tomorrow
5. Soon
6. Later
7. Two, three more days
8. Two, three days later
9. By and by

B. Formation of sentences
1. Positive (+):
a. Subject + shall/will + VI
Example: I shall clean the room
We will go to school
She will give a present
Note: “shall” just can use for subject “I and We”
b. Subject + be + going to + VI
Example:
I am going to play tennis
They are going to swim very fast
He is going to write a story

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common:

· Could you tell me…?
· Do you know…?
· Do you happen to know…?
· I’d like to know…
· Could you find out…?
· I’m interested in…
· I’m looking for..
These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:
· I’m calling to find out…
· I’m calling about…

Here are some sample phrases and sentences for asking information in English
1. What is this? This is a tableThis is a table
2. What is that? That is a chair.
3. What’s this? It’s a pen.
4. What’s that? It’s an apple.
5. What are these? These are pencils.
6. What are those? Those are books.
7. Where is Mr. King? He is over there.
8. Where is Ms. Knight? She’s (right) here.
9. Where’s Johnny? He’s in the house.
10. When’s the movie? It’s at 9:00.
11. When’s lunch? Lunch is at noon.
12. How is the food? It’s delicious.

Information about company
What does your company do?
What is your specialty?
What do you specialize in?
What is your main line of business?

Information about products
Could you give me some (more) information on this?
What can you tell me about this (product)?
Tell me about this one/model.

Information about Price
What are you asking for this?
What does this sell for?
How much is it?
How much does it run

MODALS IN THE PAST FORM

When do we use modals?

• To talk about someone's ability (or inability) to do something
  example: "We can find your house without the street plan."
  "She can't have a daughter that old!"
• To talk about an action that is necessary (or impossible, or not necessary)
  example: "You must always have your driver's licence when you are driving your car."
  "You needn't carry your passport around with you."
• To talk about a situation that is possible (or impossible)
  example: "Do be careful with that glass, the baby might knock it over"

A modal verb always has the same form:	There is no past form (-ed), no present participle (-ing) and no 3rd persons singular (-s).
Modal verbs come before the subject in questions:	example: "May I come to your house for tea?"
Negative forms:	Modal verbs have n't or not after them in the negative. example: "mustn't" - "needn't".

PRESENT FORM	PAST FORM
can	could
may	might
will	would
shall	should

Modals in the past are :
1. Could
2. Would
3. Should
4. Shall
 
Could + Verb base
We can use this expression : to offer suggestion or possibilities.

Example :
Nia : I’m having trouble with math.
Rizki : Why don’t you ask Novita ?
Perhaps she could help you.
 
Might + Verb base
Use might to tell possibillities.
Example :
Helda : Why is Rio taking the bus to get home.
Fany : He might get a flat time.

Would + verb base
Use would for an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Yoan : What did you usually do on holidays ?
Lia : I would visit my grandparents In the village, but how not anymore.
 
Would + Mind + V-ing
Use would to express polite request.
Example :
Mrs. Lady : Would you mind posting the letter ?
Nita : No, Not at all.
 
Should + Verb base
Example :
Nisa : Ima , you should go to library now ?
Ima : Okay

NOUN PHRASES

noun phrase is other a single noun or any group of words containing noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of averb.

For example, ‘they’ , ‘books’, and ‘the books’, are noun phrases, but ‘book’ is just a noun, as you can see in these sentences (in which the noun phrases are all in bold)

- Structure of Noun Phrases:
• A beautiful old painting on the wall

When you use a noun in front of another noun, you never put adjectives between them, you put adjectives in front of the first noun.
Example : We just spoke with a young American boy

Noun phrase can be in form of gerund (base + ing) or gerund and other nouns compounding.
Example : Passing the exam watching TV

Example:

• My coach is happy.
• I like the cars over there.
• The woman who lives there is my aunt.
• Frankenstein is the name of the scientist not the monster.
• I consider Meong my favorite cat.
• Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.
• To read quickly and accurately is John’s goal.
• Two of my guests have arrived.
• Mr. Jones spoke to Dr. James.
• My friend works with her father.
• Alex is a smart tall white boy.
• It's a beautiful red car.
• Mr. Aldy has just bought an expensive large house.